THERMAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY IN VIDEO SURVEILLANCE:

THERMAL IMAGING is an imaging process which renders infrared radiation as visible light for creating video images. Normally all the objects emit electromagnetic radiation which is called black-body radiation, the thermal camera infrared sensor will pick up this radiation to create an image. These thermal imaging cameras are widely used in night-time surveillance since it can certainly expose objects from poor lighting to total darkness also. Using the infrared sensor, thermal cameras can create images in the infrared spectrum of 900-14,000 nanometers (nm or µm) instead of the visible light spectrum of 450-750nm.
There are two common types of thermal-imaging devices:

• Un-cooled device - This device operates at room temperature which is completely quiet, activates immediately and has the battery built-in facility.
• Cryogenically cooled – This device is more expensive and have the elements sealed inside a container that cools them to below 32 F (zero C). The advantage of this device is incredible resolution and sensitivity that result from cooling the elements. Cryogenically-cooled systems can "see" a difference as small as 0.2 F (0.1 C) from more than 1,000 ft (300 m) away.

Thermal cameras are used in many numbers of applications like the navy, map-reading, firefighting, medicine, security field etc. Firefighters use these cameras since it can help them to find out the origin of the fire through which they can identify how to accurately attack the fire and reduce possible causalities. Thermal imaging is often used in naval vessels. In warfare thermal imaging technology provides three significant advantages. First, the imager itself is nearly impossible for the enemy to detect, as it detects energy that's already there, and doesn't have to send out any energy of its own. Second, it sees heat, which is hard to camouflage. Thirdly, thermal imaging systems can see through smoke, fog, haze, and other atmospheric obscurants better than a visible light camera can.
The main advantages of thermal imaging are as follows:

1. Can be used day and night.
2. Works in practically all weather conditions.
3. Can see through light fog, rain and smoke.
4. No downtime, low maintenance.
5. Very low energy consumption.
6. Extremely difficult to escape detection as thermal contrast is impossible to conceal.
7. Analytical software available for increased security and cost reduction
8. Wireless/IP available

Thus thermal imaging in video surveillance has demonstrable advantages for a growing number of applications in the security sector.

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